Effect of Retatrutide, a Novel Triple Receptor Agonist, on Blood Pressure and Lipid Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

INTRODUCTION: It has been reported that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists or dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists exert beneficial effects on blood pressure and lipid profile. However, the impact of triple agonist retatrutide on these metabolic markers remains to be elucidated. AIM: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the effect of retatrutide on blood pressure and lipid levels through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. METHODS: The search process was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases using MeSH terms and keywords. For meta-analysis, a random-effects model and the generic inverse variance method were used. RESULTS: The meta-analysis showed that retatrutide significantly decreases systolic blood pressure (WMD: - 6.79 mmHg, 95% CI: - 8.36, - 5.23, p < 0.0001, I= 20%) and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: - 2.46 mmHg, 95% CI: - 3.25, - 1.67, p < 0.0001, I= 0%). Furthermore, a significant reduction in the levels of total cholesterol (WMD: - 21.88 mg/dL, 95% CI: - 27.79, - 15.97, p < 0.0001, I= 84%), LDL-C (WMD: - 13.10 mg/dL, 95% CI: - 16.10, - 10.10, p < 0.0001, I= 47%), and triglycerides (WMD: - 40.90 mg/dL, 95% CI: - 48.50, - 33.30, p < 0.0001, I= 53%) was observed after retatrutide treatment. However, this triple hormone receptor agonist had no significant effect on HDL-C concentrations (WMD: - 0.01 mg/dL, 95% CI: - 1.30, 1.27, p = 0.98, I= 0%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our meta-analysis revealed that retatrutide treatment decreases blood pressure and improves lipid profile by reducing total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels.